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But how do you create a system that has a decentralized ledger How can you give someone the ability to update the ledger without giving them a lot of powerin case they become corrupt or negligent in their work
Well, Bitcoins rulesalso known as the Bitcoin protocolsolves this in a Really creative way I love to call Who Wants to Be a Banker
In a nutshell, anyone who wants to take part in updating the ledger of Bitcoin transactions, known as the blockchain, can do so. Whatever you need is to suppose a random number that solves an equation generated by the computer system. Sounds simple, right
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Of course, this guessing is done by your PC. The more powerful your computer is, the more guesses you can make in one second, increasing your chances of winning this game. If you manage to figure right, you earn bitcoins and have to write the next page of Bitcoin transactions on the blockchain. .
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1. Once your mining pc comes up with the right guess, your mining program determines which of these current pending transactions will be grouped together into the next block of transactions. Compiling this block represents the moment of glory, as youve now develop into a temporary banker of Bitcoin who has to upgrade the Bitcoin transaction ledger known as the blockchain. .
2. The block youve generated, along with the solution, is sent to the entire network so other computers can validate it. Its somewhat similar to a Rubiks cube: The solution is very tough to attain but quite easy to validate.
3. Each computer that validates your solution updates its copy of this Bitcoin transaction ledger with the transactions you chose to include in the block.
4. The system generates a predetermined amount of bitcoins (currently 12.5) and benefits them to you as compensation for the time and energy you spent solving the math issue.
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5. Additionally, you get paid any transaction fees that were attached to the transactions you inserted into the next block.
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6. Each of the transactions in the cube youve just entered are now confirmed from the Bitcoin network and are virtually irreversible.
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Therefore thats Bitcoin mining in a nutshell. Its called mining due to the simple fact that this procedure helps mine new Bitcoins from the system. But if you think about it, the mining component is merely a by-product of this transaction confirmation procedure. Therefore that the name is somewhat misleading, since the main objective of mining would be to maintain the ledger in a decentralized manner. .
As you can imagine, since mining is based on a type of guessing, for every block, a different miner will guess the number and be granted the right to update the blockchain. Obviously, the miners with computing power will succeed more often, but due to the law of statistical probability, its highly unlikely that the exact same miner will succeed every time. .
Now that you know what Bitcoin mining is, you might be thinking, Cool! Free money! Where do I sign up Well, not so fast
Satoshi Nakamoto, who invented Bitcoin, crafted the principles for mining in home a way that the further mining power the network gets, the harder it is to guess the answer to the mining mathematics problem. So that the difficulty of the mining process is really self-adjusting to the gathered mining capability the network owns. .
If more miners join, it is going to get harder to solve the problem; when many of them fall off, it is going to get easier. This can be known as mining difficulty.
Now, remember, this is on average. We can have two blocks being added minute after minute and then wait an hour for the next block. In the long run, this may even out to ten minutes on average.
As you can imagine, this type of self-adjusting mechanism has created a type of arms race to get the most efficient and strong miners as soon as possible.
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When Bitcoin first started out, there werent a great deal of miners out there. In reality, Satoshi, the inventor of Bitcoin, and his friend Hal Finney were a few the only people mining Bitcoin back in the time with their own personal computers.
Using your CPU (central processing unityour computers brain and an integrated component in any computer) was enough for mining Bitcoin back in 2009, since mining issue was low. As Bitcoin began to catch on, people looked for more powerful mining solutions.